Understanding SharePoint Features
First… What Is a Feature?
A feature is a mechanism to deploy and activate customizations to a SharePoint environment. Features can be activated in the user interface empowering the administrator or end user with the ability to easily enable or disable a customization. Features are made of a manifest or feature.xml, one or many additional element XML files and additional resource files if applicable. Read more at MSDN. The most important benefit to features is that they can be deployed with Solution Packages (WSP), using solution packages will keep you in a supported, restorable state and encourages developers to focus on deployment and packaging during the initial phases of development which is extremely important. Read more »